|
|region8 = |pop8 = 31,518 (2001 census) |ref8 = |region9 = |pop9 = 30,000 |ref9 = |region10 = |pop10 = 22,755 (2011 census) |ref10 = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Попис у Србији 2011. )〕 |region11 = |pop11 = 20,135 |ref11 = |region12 = |pop12 = 10,000–15,000 |ref12 = |region13 = |pop13 = 11,623 |ref13 = |region14 = |pop14 = 9,000 |ref14 = |region15 = |pop15 = 7,253 |ref15 = |region16 = |pop16 = 5,512 (2011) |ref16 = |region17 = |pop17 = 4,600 |ref17 = |region18 = |pop18 = 4,138 |ref18 = |region19 = |pop19 = 3,972 (2002) |ref19 = |region20 = |pop20 = 4,491 (2009) |ref20 = 〔(Population by country of birth 2009 ).〕 |region21 = |pop21 = 3,419 (2002) |ref21 = |region22 = |pop22 = 3,349–12,000 |ref22 = |region23 = |pop23 = 3,045 |ref23 = |region24 = |pop24 = 2,300–15,000 |ref24 = |region25 = |pop25 = 2,278 (2005) |ref25 = |region26 = |pop26 = 2,000–4,500 |ref26 = |region27 = |pop27 = 1,654 (2011) |ref27 = |region28 = |pop28 = 900 (2011) |ref28 = |region29 = |pop29 = 747 (2001) 5,000–10,000 (1999 est.) |ref29 = |region30 = |pop30 = 695 (2002 census) |ref30 = |region31 = |pop31 = 325 (2010) – 1,000 (est.) |ref31 = |ref32 = |languages = Macedonian |rels = Predominantly † Orthodox Christianity (Macedonian Orthodox Church), minority Islam (Macedonian Muslims) |related=Other South Slavic peoples, especially the Bulgarians〔"Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States", p. 517 The Macedonians are a Southern Slav people, closely related to Bulgarians.〕〔"Ethnic groups worldwide: a ready reference handbook", p. 54 Macedonians are a Slavic people closely related to the neighboring Bulgarians.〕 }} The Macedonians ((マケドニア語:Македонци; transliterated: ''Makedonci'')), also known as Macedonian Slavs〔(Albanians' Many Children Unnerve Macedonia's Slavs ), "...The majority ethnic group here, the Macedonian Slavs, finally got a state to call their own in 1991 after Yugoslavia came unstrung...", New York Times - nytimes.com, 2001/08/11〕〔(Macedonia On The Brink As Leaders Try To Calm Ethnic Tensions ), "...Recent violence between Macedonian Slavs and ethnic Albanians has sent tensions soaring to their highest level...", Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty - rferl.org, April 17, 2012〕 or Slavic Macedonians〔(Macedonia: Albanians want more ), "...between ethnic Albanians and the Slavic population ended in fights and beatings...four Slavic Macedonians were killed..." Pravda - (english) pravda.ru, 15.05.2012〕 are a South Slavic ethnic group native to the region of Macedonia. They speak the Macedonian language, a South Slavic language. About two thirds of all ethnic Macedonians live in the Republic of Macedonia and there are also communities in a number of other countries. ==Origins== The "origins" of Macedonians are varied and rich. In antiquity, much of central-northern Macedonia (the Vardar basin) was inhabited by Paionians who expanded from the lower Strymon basin. The Pelagonian plain was inhabited by the Pelagones, an Upper Macedonian peoples; whilst the western region (Ohrid-Prespa) was said to have been inhabited by Illyrian peoples.〔A J Toynbee. ''Some Problems of Greek History'', Pp 80; 99-103〕 During the late Classical Period, having already developed several sophisticated ''polis''-type settlements and a thriving economy based on mining,〔The Problem of the Discontinuity in Classical and Hellenistic Eastern Macedonia, Marjan Jovanonv. УДК 904:711.424(497.73)〕 Paeonia became a constituent province of the Argead - Macedonian kingdom.〔A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley -Blackwell, 2011. Map 2〕 Roman conquest brought with it a significant Romanization of the region. This Roman component would be ever-lasting.〔as evidenced by the continued presence of native Aromanians〕 During the Dominate period, 'barbarian' federates were at times settled on Macedonian soil; such as the Sarmatians settled by Constantine (330s AD)〔Peter Heather, Goths and Romans 332-489. Pg 129〕 or the (10 year) settlement of Alaric's Goths.〔''Macedonia in Late Antiquity'' Pg 551. In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley -Blackwell, 2011〕 In contrast to 'frontier provinces', Macedonia (north and south) continued to be a flourishing Christian, Roman province in Late Antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.〔〔Florin Curta. ''Were there any Slavs in seventh-century Macedonia?'' Pg 73 "In many respects, the communities who buried their dead in western Macedonia continued the traditions of late antiquity" and "have nothing to do with either 6th or 7th-century sites in the lower Danube.. or Bulgaria"〕 Linguistically, the South Slavic languages from which Macedonian developed are thought to have expanded in the region during the post-Roman period, although the exact mechanisms of this linguistic expansion remains a matter of scholarly discussion. Traditional historiography has equated these changes with the commencement of raids and 'invasions' of Sclaveni and Antes from Wallachia and western Ukraine during the 6th and 7th centuries. However, recent anthropological and archaeological perspectives have viewed the appearance of Slavs in Macedonia, and throughout the Balkans in general, as part of a broad and complex process of transformation of the cultural, political and ethno-linguistic Balkan landscape after the collapse of Roman authority. The exact details and chronology of population shifts remain to be determined.〔T E Gregory, ''A History of Byzantium''. Wiley- Blackwell, 2010. Pg 169〕 What is beyond dispute is that, in contrast to Bulgaria, northern Macedonia remained "Roman" in its cultural outlook into the 7th century, and beyond.〔 Yet at the same time, sources attest numerous Slavic tribes in the environs of Thessaloniki and further afield, including the Berziti in Pelagonia.〔Florin Curta. ''Were there any Slavs in seventh-century Macedonia?'' 2013〕 Apart from Slavs and late Byzantines, the settlement of Kuver's Pannonian "Bulgars"-〔The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Denis Sinor, Cambridge University Press, 1990, ISBN 0521243041, (pp. 215-216. )〕 a mix of Roman Christians, Bulgars and Avars- populated the Keramissian plain around Bitola in the late 7th century.〔The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, John Van Antwerp Fine, University of Michigan Press, 1991, ISBN 0472081497, (p. 72. )〕〔''Во некрополата "Млака" пред тврдината во Дебреште, Прилеп, откопани се гробови со наоди од доцниот 7. и 8. век. Тие се делумно или целосно кремирани и не се ниту ромеjски, ниту словенски. Станува збор наjвероjатно, за Кутригурите. Ова протобугарско племе, под водство на Кубер, а како потчинето на аварскиот каган во Панониjа, околу 680 г. се одметнало од Аварите и тргнало кон Солун. Кубер ги повел со себе и Сермесиjаните, (околу 70.000 на броj), во нивната стара татковина. Сермесиjаните биле Ромеи, жители на балканските провинции што Аварите ги заробиле еден век порано и ги населиле во Западна Панониjа, да работат за нив. На Кубер му била доверена управата врз нив.'' In English: In the necropolis 'Malaka' in the fortress of Debreshte, near Prilep, graves were dug with findings from the late 7th and early 8th century. They are partially or completely cremated and neither Roman nor Slavic. The graves are probably remains from the Kutrigurs. This Bulgar tribe was led by Kuber... Средновековни градови и тврдини во Македониjа. Иван Микулчиќ (Скопjе, Македонска цивилизациjа, 1996) (стр. 32-33. )〕〔"The" Other Europe in the Middle Ages: Avars, Bulgars, Khazars and Cumans, East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450 - 1450, Florin Curta, Roman Kovalev, 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Macedonians (ethnic group)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|